There were no published, completed, phase III trials of therapy in gynecologic cancer. No cytotoxic agents had an established role in the management of cervical or corpus cancer.
While several drugs were being used in advanced ovarian cancer, no combination was consistently better than melphalan alone, and a survival benefit was uncertain. Metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia had been one of the very first neoplasms to be cured with cytotoxic chemotherapy, but not everyone was cured, and new regimens proliferated without rigorous testing. For example, progestins were thought by many to have a major role in treating advanced endometrial cancer. Thus, the stage has been set for further progress in this field.Īt the beginning of the 1970s, when the newly established Gynecologic Oncology Group initiated its first controlled clinical trials, a variety of questions existed about the optimal management of gynecologic cancers and the integration of radiation therapy (RT) and other modalities with surgery. The benefits and limitations of radiation therapy in these diseases have been carefully examined. Surgical staging of cervical and endometrial cancers has provided new insights and guidance for management. The role of cisplatin, carboplatin and paclitaxel as well as other drugs and combinations in gynecologic cancer has been extensively studied by GOG, as has chemoradiation in cervical cancer. This review will briefly summarize, in the context of research done concurrently by other groups and institutions, important GOG trials that have moved the field forward, especially in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer.
Currently comprising fifty-nine institutions and their affiliates in the United States, Canada and elsewhere, GOG has defined, principally through phase III randomized clinical trials, the standard of care for several stages and types of female pelvic cancer. Since 1970, the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) has been a leader in clinical research in gynecologic oncology.
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